For people who don't watch baseball

Baseball, Explained Nightly

Everything happening in the sport right now, explained from scratch — and then last night's games. Read it in five minutes and hold your own in the conversation.

If you only remember three things

  1. Yordan Alvarez is chasing the rarest thing a hitter can do
  2. Who is actually winning
  3. The fastest arm in baseball: Jacob Misiorowski

What's been happening this season

The standing stories. Read these first — last night's scores don't mean much without them.

Yordan Alvarez is chasing the rarest thing a hitter can do

Yordan Alvarez leads the AL in all three of the categories that define a great hitting season: batting average (.325), home runs (35) and RBI (86). Leading all three at once is called the Triple Crown. It has happened twice since 1967 — Miguel Cabrera in 2012 and Carl Yastrzemski before him. Nobody hands out a trophy for it; it is simply a thing that almost never happens. He plays for the Houston Astros.

Careful: It is not won until the season ends, and batting average is the fragile leg — a two-week slump ends it. Say “is holding”, never “has won”.

Say this “Alvarez is holding a Triple Crown right now — that has happened twice since 1967.”

Who is actually winning

Six divisions, and the winner of each goes to the playoffs. Of the 30 clubs, the Brewers have won the most: 73-44. The two tightest races right now: AL West: Astros (60-58) lead the Rangers by 0.5; AL Central: White Sox (60-56) lead the Twins by 3.

Say this “The Brewers have more wins than any of the other 29 clubs and it’s barely being discussed.”

The fastest arm in baseball: Jacob Misiorowski

Jacob Misiorowski throws a baseball harder than anyone else alive. Of the 25 fastest pitches thrown in the major leagues this season, 23 are his. He topped out at 105.5 mph, and the fastest pitch by anybody else all year was 103.8. He has reached that shelf in 8 different games. There is one nuance worth having: Mason Miller averages more (101.5 mph) — but he is a RELIEVER, throwing 345 pitches all season, one inning at a time. Misiorowski is a starter who averages 100.6 mph across 1204 pitches. Holding that for six innings is the harder thing by a distance. And he is not merely wild: 195 strikeouts against only 29 walks, with a 1.63 ERA against a league average near 4.00.

Say this “The thing about Misiorowski isn’t the 105.5 — it’s that he’s a starter holding 100.6 average over 1204 pitches. Relievers do that for one inning.”

Pete Crow-Armstrong is about to join a club nobody joins

Thirty home runs and thirty stolen bases in the same season is called 30/30. It is rare for a simple reason: the players with enough power to hit thirty are usually too big to steal thirty, and the players fast enough to steal thirty usually cannot hit thirty. Pete Crow-Armstrong sits at 26 and 30 — 4 more home runs to go. He plays for the Chicago Cubs.

Say this “Crow-Armstrong’s about to go 30/30 and nobody’s talking about it.”

The first-year players worth knowing

A rookie is a player in his first full season. Most are finding their feet; a few are already putting up numbers that would be a good season for anyone, and those are the names to have. Sal Stewart (Cincinnati Reds) — 25 home runs, 87 RBI; Kazuma Okamoto (Toronto Blue Jays) — 24 home runs, 70 RBI; TJ Rumfield (Colorado Rockies) — 13 home runs, 59 RBI.

Say this “There’s a rookie in Reds with 87 RBI. Nobody outside that city has heard of him.”

Kyle Schwarber is striking out at a near-record rate

Kyle Schwarber has struck out 173 times, which is on pace to be among the most in any season on record. A strikeout is the one out a hitter has no say in — he makes it without putting the ball in play at all, so nothing good can happen by accident.

Careful: Do not turn this into a verdict on him as a hitter. League-wide strikeout rates have roughly doubled since 1980, so every modern hitter strikes out more than his grandfather did. The game changed, not the man — and he hits a lot of home runs, which is the trade the strikeouts pay for.

Say this “Sure, but you can’t compare strikeout totals across eras — the whole league’s rate has roughly doubled since 1980. It’s a record, it’s just not an indictment.”

Who is hot and who is not

Baseball is played nearly every day, so form swings hard and fast. Right now the Rays have won 5 in a row and the Orioles have lost 3 straight.

Say this “Rays are the hottest team in baseball right now.”

Last night

6 results worth knowing, and the individual performances people will mention.

The performances

Two questions that make you sound like you follow this

Both are genuinely open — that's what makes them good questions rather than a quiz.

The words used above

Triple Crown
Leading your league in batting average, home runs and RBI at the same time. Twice since 1967.
Batting average
Hits divided by at-bats. .300 is the line between good and very good.
Home run
The batter hits it out of the park and everyone on base scores. The loudest thing in the sport.
RBI
Runs batted in: credit for driving a teammate home. A season over 100 is a big year.
Games back
How far a team trails the leader of its division. Half-games happen because teams play different numbers of games.
Starter vs reliever
A starter pitches six or seven innings once every five days; a reliever throws one inning flat out. Their numbers are never compared directly.
ERA
Runs a pitcher allows per nine innings. The league sits around 4.00; under 3.00 is very good.
Strikeout
Three strikes and the batter is out. For a PITCHER that is the outcome he wants most — nothing can go wrong once the ball is not in play. For a hitter it is the opposite.
30/30
Thirty home runs and thirty stolen bases in one season. Rare because power and speed usually live in different bodies.
Stolen base
A runner advances a base on his own, without the ball being hit.
Rookie
A player in his first full season. There is an award for the outstanding one in each league and it matters to careers.

Only the terms this page actually leaned on tonight. The list changes with the news.